My research focuses on the flow of glaciers and ice sheets. Changing glacier and ice sheet velocities are a major source of uncertainty in estimates of future sea level. Specific areas of interest include using geophysical methods to examine the distribution of water and deformable sediment beneath glaciers and ice sheets, the role that crystal orientation fabric plays in the flow of ice, and processes at the ice-sheet—ice-shelf transition. Most recently this has led to my involvement in New Zealand's Antarctic Science Platform and a project examining the past, present and future of the ice sheets. In this work we combine geophysics and numerical modelling with observations directly obtained from beneath the Ross Ice Shelf and West Antarctic Ice Sheet using hot water drilling, ice shelf cavity moorings, oversnow geophysics, and stratigraphic drilling.